Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)

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(1955-2003)

Jarvik, Abramson & Hirsch (1955). Comparative subjective effects of seven drugs including lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25). The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology.

Savage (1955). Variations in ego feeling induced by d-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25). Psychoanalytic Review.

Isbell et al. (1956). Studies on lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25). Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry.

Clark & Bliss (1957). Psychopharmacological studies of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) intoxication: Effects of premedication with BOL-128 (2-Bromo-d-ly-sergic acid diethylamide), mescaline, atropine, amobarbital, and chlorpromazine). A.M.A. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry.

Glow (1957). Some acute effects of d-lysergic acid diethylamide on the rat. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology.

Abramson et al. (1958). Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) antagonists: II. Development of tolerance in man to LSD-25 by prior administration of MLD-41 (1-methyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide). A.M.A. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry.

Apter (1958). Analeptic action of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) against pentobarbital. A.M.A. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry.

Krus & Wapner (1959). Effect of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD-25) on perception of part-whole relationships. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied.

Eveloff (1968). The LSD syndrome - A review. California Medicine.

Costello (1969). An evaluation of aversion and LSD therapy in the treatment of alcoholism. Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal. 

Ludwig (1969). A clinical study of LSD treatment in alcoholism. American Journal of Psychiatry.

Bennet & Snyder (1975). Stereospecific binding of D-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) to brain membranes: Relationship to serotonin receptors. Brain Research.

Menon, Clark & Masuoka (1977). Possible involvement of the central dopaminergic system in the antireserpine effect of LSD. Psychopharmacology.

Kuhn, White & Appel (1978). The discriminative stimulus properties of LSD: Mechanism of action. Neuropharmacology.

Larson et al. (1981). Dual actions of lysergic acid diethylamide tartrate (LSD), 2-bromo-D-lysergic acid diethylamide bitartrate (BOL) and methysergide on dorsal root potentials evoked by stimulation of raphe nuclei. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.

Larson (1984). Acute and chronic effects of LSD and 5-MeODMT on raphe-evoked dorsal root potentials in the cat. Life Sciences.

Nelson & Foltz (1992). Chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods for determination of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and metabolites in body fluids. Journal of Chromatography.

Cai & Henion (1996). Elucidation of LSD in vitro metabolism by liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Toxicology.

Kanel et al. (1998). Automated extraction of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and N-demethyl-LSD from blood, serum, plasma, and urine samples using the Zymark RapidTrace with LC/MS/MS confirmation. Journal of Forensic Sciences.

Appel et al. (1999). Increasing the selectivity of drug discrimination procedures. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior.

Abraham & Duffy (2001). EEG coherence in post-LSD visual hallucinations. Psychiatry Research.

Canezin et al. (2001). Determination of LSD and its metabolites in human biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography.

Ouagazzal et al. (2001). Effect of LSD on prepulse inhibition and spontaneous behavior in the rat. A pharmacological analysis and comparison between two rat strains. Neuropsychopharmacology.

Dyer et al. (2002). NHS settles claim of patients treated with LSD. BMJ.

Fang, Liu & Lin (2002). Determination of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) by application of online 77 K fluorescence spectroscopy and a sweeping technique in micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Talanta.

Fang, Liu & Lin (2002). Optimization of the separation of lysergic acid diethylamide in urine by a sweeping technique using micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Journal of Chromatography.

Frankel & Cunningham (2002). The hallucinogen d-lysergic acid diethylamide (d-LSD) induces the immediate-early gene c-Fos in rat forebrain. Brain Research.

Gagajewski et al. (2002). False-positive lysergic acid diethylamide immunoassay screen associated with fentanyl medication. Clinical Chemistry.

Goodman (2002). The serotonergic system and mysticism: could LSD and the nondrug-induced mystical experience share common neural mechanisms? Journal of Psychoactive Drugs.

Gresch et al. (2002). Lysergic acid diethylamide-induced Fos expression in rat brain: role of serotonin-2A receptors. Neuroscience.

Grobosch & Lemm-Ahlers (2002). Immunoassay screening of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and its confirmation by HPLC and fluorescence detection following LSD ImmunElute extraction. Journal of Analytical Toxicology.

Klette et al. (2002). LC-mS analysis of human urine specimens for 2-oxo-3-hydroxy LSD: method validation for potential interferants and stability study of 2-oxo-3-hydroxy LSD under various storage conditions. Journal of Analytical Toxicology.

Lerner et al. (2002). LSD-induced Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder with depressive features treated with reboxetine: case report. The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences.

Lerner et al. (2002). Risperidone-associated, benign transient visual disturbances in schizophrenic patients with a past history of LSD abuse. The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences.

Nichols et al. (2002). Lysergamides of isomeric 2,4-dimethylazetidines map the binding orientation of the diethylamide moiety in the potent hallucinogenic agent N,N-diethyllysergamide (LSD). Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.

Nichols & Sanders-Bush (2002). A single dose of lysergic acid diethylamide influences gene expression patterns within the mammalian brain. Neuropsychopharmacology.

Skopp et al. (2002). Short-term stability of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N-desmethyl-LSD, and 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD in urine, assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Clinical Chemistry.

Snelders & Kaplan (2002). LSD therapy in Dutch psychiatry: changing socio-political settings and medical sets. Medical History.

Wiegand et al. (2002). Comparison of EMIT II, CEDIA, and DPC RIA assays for the detection of lysergic acid diethylamide in forensic urine samples. Journal of Analytical Toxicology.

Burnley & George (2003). The development and application of a gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) assay to determine the presence of 2-oxo-3-hydroxy-LSD in urine. Journal of Analytical Toxicology.

Colpaert (2003). Discovering risperidone: the LSD model of psychopathology. Nature Reviews: Drug Discovery.

Doat, Rabin & Winter (2003). Characterization of the discriminative stimulus properties of centrally administered (-)-DOM and LSD. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior.

Fang et al. (2003). Determination of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in mouse blood by capillary electrophoresis/ fluorescence spectroscopy with sweeping techniques in micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Electrophoresis.

Fang, Liu & Lin (2003). On-line identification of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in tablets using a combination of a sweeping technique and micellar electrokinetic chromatography/77 K fluorescence spectroscopy. Electrophoresis.

Gafner et al. (2003). Inhibition of [3H]-LSD binding to 5-HT7 receptors by flavonoids from Scutellaria lateriflora. Journal of Natural Products.

Horn, Klette & Stout (2003). LC-MS analysis of 2-oxo-3-hydroxy LSD from urine using a Speedisk positive-pressure processor with Cerex PolyChrom CLIN II columns. Journal of Analytical Toxicology.

Lerner et al. (2003). Clonazepam treatment of lysergic acid diethylamide-induced hallucinogen persisting perception disorder with anxiety features. International Clinical Psychopharmacology.

Libong, Bouchonnet & Ricordel (2003). A selective and sensitive method for quantitation of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) in whole blood by gas chromatography-ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Toxicology.